THE LANGUAGE OF ART
Colors speak all languages...
Joseph Addison, Critic of literature
The language of art begins with the ‘elements of art’ and the ‘principles of design.’ These are terms that describe portions or components of an artwork for clarity in discussion. Yet, each is considered in context - as part of the whole work of art.
To begin to analyze, perceive or comprehend art, we name the parts of a creative work that form its structure. We can then discuss the artwork using common terms, using a common verbal or written language.
There is a 'visual language' of parts (nouns) within the art elements – the lines, shapes and more.
There is a ‘structural syntax’ of order (verbs/adjectives) using design principles – rhythm, balance and more.
The elements of art describe portions or components of an artwork for clarity in discussion.
line shape color form texture space time motion
Yet, each is considered in context - as part of the whole work of art.
There is a 'visual language' of parts (nouns) within the art elements – the lines, shapes and more.
The principles of design describe how the components fit together or are arranged.
unity variety balance focus rhythm scale proportion
There is a ‘structural syntax’ of order (verbs/adjectives) using design principles – rhythm, balance and more.
Meaning emerges as we analyze the parts, the content, the structure, the hierarchy and the flow of the art.
An artist has an idea or concept to express. Expression of an idea may combine impulse, thought or planning.
An artist creates meaning as he or she uses the art elements and design principles to embody and
to carry the subject matter, message or theme. An abstract idea is transformed into tangible forms.
He or she will consider which parts and configuration best suit the subject to express the overall idea.
meaning emerges from the content, structure, hierarchy and flow within a creative work
Using the elements of art to express an idea:
Line, Shape, Value, FORM, Color, Texture, Space, Time, Motion
The artist will ponder, then act on, the use of color, texture and more to carry the subject matter or concept.
Would curved, straight, thick or thin lines communicate the flow of energy in the drawing?
Should there be bright or muted colors to depict the character of a painted portrait of a person?
Might the surface be smooth or rough to the touch to exude strength from the sculptural figure?
Employing the principles of design to convey a sensibility:
Unity, Variety, Balance, Focus, Rhythm, Scale, Proportion
The artist will consider which configuration of the elements is most powerful to express the subject or idea.
Should there be a dot of color in the center as a focus point of the scenery?
Might there be a rhythm in the lines to communicate repetition within an idea?
Would a variety of shapes be appropriate to emanate energy from the collage?
Ultimately, the language of art helps us discuss the choices of the artist and the impressions of those who perceive the art.